This article aims to analyse the role of the balanced scorecard in the management of supply chain uncertainty in service activities. To do this, we conducted case studies within companies in the real estate services sector in France. We have employed the theoretical framework of complexity. This theoretical framework allows us to situate the factors of uncertainty in the internal and external environment. Identification of these factors promotes proactivity when confronted with environmental evolution. It is clear from our study that the balanced scorecard, in the management of supply chain uncertainty, is a communication tool that helps coordinate intraorganizational and interorganizational relations. It is also a tool that leads to a strategic supply chain, a source of competitive advantage for the stakeholders of the chain. Finally, it is a tool for organizational learning because it participates in the construction of knowledge and allows for knowledge capitalization. This know‐how and knowledge contribute to reducing uncertainty.